To enable direct navigation to a Lightning component via URL, add the lightning:isUrlAddressable interface to the component. This interface is used with the lightning:navigation component to navigating from one component to the URL-addressable component. This navigation feature is supported only in Lightning Experience and the Salesforce App.
The lightning:isUrlAddressable interface extends the lightning:hasPageReference interface. A component that implements lightning:isUrlAddressable then gets access to the page state through the pageReference attribute. The page state is a representation of the current URL query parameters.
lightning:isUrlAddressable enables you to generate a user-friendly URL for a Lightning component with the pattern /cmp/componentName instead of the base-64 encoded URL you get with the deprecated force:navigateToComponent event.