For which criteria in Salesforce workflow “time dependent workflow action” cannot be created?

This is where things get a bit tricky.

Since you need Time-Based Actions you have to use "Evaluate the rule when a record is created, and any time it’s edited to subsequently meet criteria." But the function ISCHANGED doesn't work with this criteria.

So, what I suggest is creating a custom date field and adding an immediate Field Update action to your current workflow rule to stamp the custom date field with the Effective Delivery Date value. Then add it to your criteria on the workflow rule as an AND:

"Custom Date Field NOT EQUAL TO Effective Delivery Date"

This way if the Effective Delivery Date changes, the workflow rule will trigger again as it meets all other criteria and now these fields don't match so it re-evaluates.